Engineering Geology World, Vol. XVI, No. 4/2021
Larionova N.A.
Larionova N.A., 2021. Surface films on sand grains, their composition and formation conditions. Engineering Geology World, Vol. XVI, No. 4, pp. 6–17, https://doi.org/10.25296/1993-5056-2021-16-4-6-17.
Sandy soils of various genesis are widely represented on the territory of the country. For a number of years, they have been one of the main objects of engineering-geological study. The specific features of sands, which determine their suitability as raw materials for various industries or local building materials, are their mineral composition, as well as the presence of surface films on the grains surface. In many publications, the conditions for the sandy soils formation, their dispersion, chemical and mineral composition, and related physicalmechanical properties are considered in detail. In various industries, certain requirements are imposed on the sands quality and the amount of impurities they contain, in particular, on the presence of iron in the surface films composition. In this work, more attention is paid to the consideration of these particular features of sandy soils — the presence of surface films, their composition and the influence on changes in the properties. The types of surface films with different compositions, their structure, and the distribution of secondary material on the sand grain surfaces are considered. On the example of inwashed soils, the conditions and processes of the possible formation of surface films are considered. As a result of physical-chemical processes occurring in the array of inwashed soil during its long-term interaction with water, new formations are formed that are deposited on the sand particles surface. In massifs of reclaimed sands, moisture, soil porosity and filtration capacity decrease over time, and their physical-mechanical properties increase. The increase in the strength characteristics of inwashed soils is influenced not only by a decrease in moisture content and the load of the overlying soil layers, but also by the neoformation formed in the massif. Their occurrence of the latter is due to the processes of amorphous silicic acid dissolution, adsorption and precipitation of secondary substances on the sand particles surface. In time, the formed films are compacted and contribute to an increase in the strength characteristics of soils.
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NINA A. LARIONOVA
Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow, Russia; nin.larionowa@yandex.ru
Address: Bld. 1, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russia