Engineering Geology World, Vol. XVII, No. 2/2022
Gorbunova M.V., Kharkina M.A., Ponomareva O.E.
Gorbunova M.V., Kharkina M.A., Ponomareva O.E., 2022. The ecological-geological conditions transformation of the “Nadym” station territory under active man-caused development. Engineering Geology World, Vol. XVII, No. 2, pp. 66–80, https://doi.org/10.25296/1993-5056-2022-17-2-66-80.
The formation history of the Nadym geocryological station is described, a brief description of the accumulated scientific data is given. Based
on the analysis of the information received, a transformation of ecological and geological conditions of the Nadymsky district study area of
the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Western Siberia) was revealed in the process of active economic development, expressed in changes
in the ecological resource, ecological-geodynamic, ecological-geochemical, and ecological-geophysical conditions. The most significant
changes in time are detected in the ecological-geophysical condition, which is explained by changes in the temperature field of the soils. A
soil temperatures’ increase has provoked a relative change in plant communities, as well as the manifestation of such exogenous geological
processes as thermokarst, thermal erosion and waterlogging. The ecological and resource conditions’ transformation is caused by the change
in the resource of the geological space. Within the study area, this applies, first of all, to permafrost massifs, as units to which typical types of
vegetation are confined. The transformation of vegetation in key areas near the “Nadym” station is characterized on the basis of the authors’
research using space images. The characteristics of the ecological and geological systems’ components are given before technogenic impact
on the environment in the key areas (near the “Nadym” station) and after it. Over the 35-year period covered by remote sensing methods,
there are changes in the nature of the vegetation cover, the permafrost temperature; Unfavorable exogenous processes are activated in the
study area, and oil products accumulate in the soil cover. According to the interpretation materials of space image in a combination of near
infrared and blue imaging channels, regularity in the plant communities’ replacement as a result of man-caused impact on the studied areas
was established. The direction of change, the duration of restoration, and the nature of the secondary vegetation cover within the previously
disturbed areas were assessed. Using the vegetation index, it has been established that the reserves of secondary forests’ biomass of
technogenically transformed areas are significantly lower than those of primary undisturbed communities.
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MARGARITA V. GORBUNOVA
Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow, Russia; kamillavalerius@gmail.com
Address: Bld. 1, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russia
MARINA A. KHARKINA*
Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow, Russia; kharkina@mail.ru
OLGA E. PONOMAREVA
Earth Cryosphere Institute of the Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Tyumen, Russia; o-ponomareva@yandex.ru
Address: Bld. 86, Malygina, St., 625026, Tyumen, Russia