Engineering Survey Vol. XV, No. 3-4/2021
Bryn M.J., Bashirova D.R.
Bryn M.J., Bashirova D.R., 2021. Methodology for determining the normal heights of points based on the results of satellite measurements for the construction and reconstruction of highways. Engineering Survey, Vol. XV, No. 3–4, pp. 20–29, https://doi.org/10.25296/1997-8650- 2021-15-3-4-20-29.
The transformation of geodetic heights into a system of normal heights is of great practical importance, including at different stages of the highways’ life cycle. The paper assesses the required accuracy of determining heights. The analysis of the state of knowledge of the issue is carried out, the application of local quasi-geoid models is considered. The authors set the task of determining the required number of points when choosing a method for developing a local quasi-geoid model, as well as the distance from the initial to the determined points, at which the required accuracy of determining heights is provided. A study was carried out on an experimental site with 298 points with known values of geodetic and normal heights. Of these, the nearest points were selected, located on both sides of the axis of the projected highway. To solve the problem of constructing a local quasi-geoid model, the Golden Software Surfer was selected. Based on the data obtained, the surface was constructed according to the planned coordinates of the points and the values of the height anomaly (the height of the quasi-geoid above the surface of the reference ellipsoid). The authors have developed a technique for constructing a quasi-geoid model on a local site, providing the required accuracy of determining heights during the construction and reconstruction of highways. To assess the influence of the number of points on the accuracy of the approximation, in addition to the Golden Software Surfer built-in methods, the root mean square deviation of determining heights from control points were calculated. The sequence of stages for designing the number of combined points based on the global geoid model EGM2008 was determined: selection of reference points in the area of work, determination of the height difference based on the application of the global geoid model EGM2008, surface construction based on the data obtained, calculation of the parameters for converting orthometric heights into a system of normal heights. It is noted that to build a local model of a quasi-geoid in the area under consideration, for the purposes of designing and building a road network, it is sufficient to have combined points at a distance of 8 km.
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MIKHAIL J. BRYN
Emperor Alexander I Saint Petersburg State Transport University; Saint Petersburg, Russia; bryn@pgups.ru
Address: Bld. 9, Moskovsky Ave, 190031, Saint Petersburg, Russia
DINARA R. BASHIROVA*
Emperor Alexander I Saint Petersburg State Transport University; Saint Petersburg, Russia; bashirovadinara97@gmail.com