Engineering Survey Vol. XI, No. 10/2017
Abalakov A.D., Bazarova N.B.
Abalakov A.D., Bazarova N.B., 2017. Impact of mining industry on the environment in the Baikal region. Engineering Survey, Vol. XI, No. 10, pp. 54-64, https://doi.org/10.25296/1997-8650-2017-10-54-64.
The consequences of the man-caused impact of the development of mineral deposits on the environment of the Baikal region, which include the Irkutsk Region, the Republic of Buryatia, the Transbaikal Region, and part of the Republic of Tyva and Mongolia within the catchment area of the lake are estimated. Baikal. The role of the mining industry as a strong technogenic factor in the transformation of the environment is considered. The environmental assessment takes into account the type of extracted raw materials, its toxicity, the method of development, the area of disturbed land in the fields and the density of violations within the municipalities. The analysis of the consequences of exploitation of 288 deposits, of which 158 are currently being developed, was discontinued for 130; they are mothballed, or transferred to a reserve. Typical examples of mining enterprises that have the strongest impact on the ecological state of the territory are given. Their brief characteristic is given. The indicators of the ecological state of mining enterprises and municipalities are quantified. The results of the research are presented on three ecological maps reflecting various aspects of the mining industry’s impact on the environment. A cartographic language is developed that represents a spatial combination of cartographic signs that reveal the specific features of this impact on the territory under consideration. Cartographic signs reflect the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the ecological state of specific mining enterprises and subsoil use areas.
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ALEXANDER D. ABALAKOV*
Sotchava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Irkutsk, Russia; abalakovirk@mail.ru
Address: Bld. 1, Ulan-Batorskaya St., 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
Irkutsk State University; Irkutsk, Russia
Address: Bld. 1, Karl Marx St., 664003, Irkutsk, Russia
NATALIA B. BAZAROVA
Sotchava Institute of of Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Irkutsk, Russia; bazarova@irigs.irk.ru